AEROBIC CULTURE OF DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS:BACTERIAL PROFILE AND ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN AT LIAQUAT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, JAMSHORO.

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiotics are commonly used in diabetic foot ulcers, it is the mainstay of treatment to avoid amputations. Objective: To evaluate the aerobic bacteriological profile and in-vitro resistance pattern to regularly used antibiotics at medical unit of Liaquat university hospital, Jamshoro. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted at medical unit of Liaquat University hospital from September 2019 to January 2020. The University of Texas wound classification system was utilized for wound grading while tissue samples were collected using a sterile curette under aseptic measures. Moreover, bacteriological analysis and antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out in the diagnostic laboratory. SPSS ver. 24.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: Forty-one diabetic patients with mean age 59.2±14.68 participated in the study. Majority (73.17%) of participants were male while most (56%) of the study participants having grade II diabetic foot ulcers. Culture-positive specimens were found in 30 (73%) and the remaining 11 (27%) were found to be negative. Out of the 30 culture-positive patients, the total number of bacterial isolates was 89. Around two-third (70.8%) samples had gram positive bacteria. The most common species, among the Gram-positive bacteria, were Staphylococcus Aureus while amongst the Gram-negative bacterial isolates, the most common species found were Proteus and Enterobacter. Conclusion: Diabetic Foot Ulcers are most commonly infected by the gram-positive bacteria of which staphylococcus aureus species are not only dominant but also shows multi-drug resistance. The antibiotic like Imipenem is the most effective drug against the all type of bacteria.