A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT BREAST LESIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG WOMEN OF NAWABSHAH CHARACTERIZED ON MAMMOGRAPHY.

JPUMHS; 2024:14:03,77-89. http://doi.org/10.46536/jpumhs/2024/14.03.538

Abstract

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer stands as a formidable group health challenge and its impact is particularly profound in
Pakistan. As the second leading cause of cancer related deaths among women worldwide, it demands urgent and
comprehensive action. Pakistan faces a particularly heavy burden of breast cancer with a disproportionately high incidence
rate compared to to other South Asian countries. The alarming trend underscores the urgent need for a multifaceted approach
to combat thus growing health crisis. This disparity highlights the critical need for improved access to early detection
methods such as mammography. Mammography as a cornerstone of breast cancer screening, plays a pivotal role in early
detection and improved prognosis. This practice approach is particularly crucial for high risk individuals, such as those with
family history of breast cancer. Despite proven efficacy of mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality, awareness
and access to this vital tool remain limited in Pakistan. OBJECTIVE: This research study was aimed to measure the
prevalence of the different breast lesions and associated factors among women characterized on Mammography at NORIN
Hospital, Nawabshah. DESIGN OF STUDY: Descriptive Cross-Sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION: NORIN
Hospital Nawabshah from April,2024 to September,2024. METHOD: This retrospective cross-sectional study was
conducted at NORIN Hospital Nawabshah. The study included 286 female patients who underwent mammography.
Mammography reports and patient records were reviewed, patients with incomplete data were excluded. Mammography
findings were categorized using BIRADS SYSTEM. Data analysis involved Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics
were applied using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS software. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis
were performed to examine associations between variables. The study was approved by Ethics Committee/Institutional
Review Board. Patient confidentiality and anonymity were maintained. The study variables included: •Mammography
findings dependent variable •Age, marital status, number of children, symptoms, and consanguinity independent variables
RESULT: A total of 286 females participated in this study at Norin Hospital, out of which 80% were diagnostic and 20%
were screening cases. Amongst which 36.71% Benign cases and 3.1% of the Malignant cases. From mammography findings
BIRAD 3 is more prevalent. CONCLUSION: Due to lack of knowledge, women were ignorant about mammography
screening and breast cancer, women who were infertile or were in a consanguinity were more susceptible.