MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PLACENTA IN NORMAL AND PREECLAMPTIC PARTURIENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.

Abstract

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND: Placenta is the vital, highly vascular unique organ develops from the
contribution of both fetus and mother for provision of nutrients to developing fetus
OBJECTIVE: To observe and compare the placental morphometric parameters in normal and
preeclamptic parturients. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted from
August 2019 to July 2020 at Department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical and
Health Sciences, Jamshoro. A total of 122 placentae; 61 from controls and 61 from preeclamptic
were collected from labor room immediately after delivery along with 5cm of umbilical cord
attached to it. After noting demographic data and fetal weight from hospital record on
predesigned proforma, morphometric examination of placenta was performed and recorded for
statistical analysis on SPSS version 23. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of
maternal age, body mass index, gestational age and parity shown in Table 1. Frequency and
percentage was calculated for mode of delivery, 53 placentae were collected from normal vaginal
delivery and 69 by caesarian section shown in figure 1. The shape of placenta was discoid and
umbilical cord was inserted centrally in majority of cases shown in Figure 2. Placental weight
when compared in two groups, was found statistically significant (p <0.01). Similarly fetal
weight, diameter, thickness, volume and cotyledon count were also statistically significant, while
placental coefficient and fetoplacental ratio were not statistically significant shown in Table 2.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals significant difference in various morphometric parameters
in placentae of preeclamptic in comparison of placentae from normotensive parturients.